ādiparva - Chapter-16
आदिपर्व - ādiparva
अध्यायः – 16 ::Chapter-16
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Shlokas |
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वैशम्पायन उवाच। ततः क्षत्ता च राजा च भीष्मश्च सह बन्धुभिः । ददुः श्राद्धं तदा पाण्डोः स्वधामृतमयं तदा ॥ 1॥ कुरूंश्च विप्रमुख्यांश्च भोजयित्वा सहस्रशः । रत्नौघान्द्विजमुख्येभ्यो दत्त्वा ग्रामवरानपि ॥ 2॥ कृतशौचांस्ततस्तांस्तु पाण्डवान्भरतर्षभान् । आदाय विविशुः पौराः पुरं वारणसाह्वयम् ॥ 3॥ सततं स्मान्वतप्यन्त तमेव भरतर्षभम् । पौरजानपदाः सर्वे मृतं स्वमिव बान्धवम् ॥ 4॥ श्राद्धावसाने तु तदा दृष्ट्वा तं दुःखितं जनम् । संमूढां दुःखशोकार्तां व्यासो मातरमब्रवीत् ॥ 5॥ अतिक्रान्तसुखाः कालाः प्रत्युपस्थितदारुणाः । श्वः श्वः पापीयदिवसाः पृथिवी गतयौवना ॥ 6॥ बहुमायासमाकीर्णो नानादोषसमाकुलः । लुप्तधर्मक्रियाचारो घोरः कालो भविष्यति ॥ 7॥ गच्छ त्वं त्यागमास्थाय युक्ता वस तपोवने । मा द्रक्ष्यसि कुलस्यास्य घोरं सङ्क्षयमात्मनः ॥ 8॥ तथेति समनुज्ञाय सा प्रविश्याब्रवीत्स्नुषाम् । अम्बिके तव पुत्रस्य दुर्नयात्किल भारताः ॥ 9॥ सानुबन्धा विनङ्क्ष्यन्ति पौत्राश्चैवेति नः श्रुतम् ॥ ॥ तत्कौसल्यामिमामार्तां पुत्रशोकाभिपीडिताम् । वनमादाय भद्रं ते गच्छावो यदि मन्यसे ॥ 10॥ तथेत्युक्ते अम्बिकया भीष्ममामन्त्र्य सुव्रता । वनं ययौ सत्यवती स्नुषाभ्यां सह भारत ॥ 11॥ ताः सुघोरं तपः कृत्वा देव्यो भरतसत्तम । देहं त्यक्त्वा महाराज गतिमिष्टां ययुस्तदा ॥ 12॥ अवाप्नुवन्त वेदोक्तान्संस्कारान्पाण्डवास्तदा । अवर्धन्त च भोगांस्ते भुञ्जानाः पितृवेश्मनि ॥ 13॥ धार्तराष्ट्रैश्च सहिताः क्रीडन्तः पितृवेश्मनि । बालक्रीडासु सर्वासु विशिष्टाः पाण्डवाभवन् ॥ 14॥ जवे लक्ष्याभिहरणे भोज्ये पांसुविकर्षणे । धार्तराष्ट्रान्भीमसेनः सर्वान्स परिमर्दति ॥ 15॥ हर्षादेतान्क्रीडमानान्गृह्य काकनिलीयने । शिरःसु च निगृह्यैनान्योधयामास पाण्डवः ॥ 16॥ शतमेकोत्तरं तेषां कुमाराणां महौजसाम् । एक एव विमृद्नाति नातिकृच्छ्राद्वृकोदरः ॥ 17॥ पादेषु च निगृह्यैनान्विनिहत्य बलाद्बली । चकर्ष क्रोशतो भूमौ घृष्टजानुशिरोक्षिकान् ॥ 18॥ दश बालाञ्जले क्रीडन्भुजाभ्यां परिगृह्य सः । आस्ते स्म सलिले मग्नः प्रमृतांश्च विमुञ्चति ॥ 19॥ फलानि वृक्षमारुह्य प्रचिन्वन्ति च ते यदा । तदा पादप्रहारेण भीमः कम्पयते द्रुमम् ॥ 20॥ प्रहारवेगाभिहताद्द्रुमाद्व्याघूर्णितास्ततः । सफलाः प्रपतन्ति स्म द्रुतं स्रस्ताः कुमारकाः ॥ 21॥ न ते नियुद्धे न जवे न योग्यासु कदाचन । कुमारा उत्तरं चक्रुः स्पर्धमाना वृकोदरम् ॥ 22॥ एवं स धार्तराष्ट्राणां स्पर्धमानो वृकोदरः । अप्रियेऽतिष्ठदत्यन्तं बाल्यान्न द्रोहचेतसा ॥ 23॥ ततो बलमतिख्यातं धार्तराष्ट्रः प्रतापवान् । भीमसेनस्य तज्ज्ञात्वा दुष्टभावमदर्शयत् ॥ 24॥ तस्य धर्मादपेतस्य पापानि परिपश्यतः । मोहादैश्वर्यलोभाच्च पापा मतिरजायत ॥ 25॥ अयं बलवतां श्रेष्ठः कुन्तीपुत्रो वृकोदरः । मध्यमः पाण्डुपुत्राणां निकृत्या संनिहन्यताम् ॥ 26॥ अथ तस्मादवरजं ज्येष्ठं चैव युधिष्ठिरम् । प्रसह्य बन्धने बद्ध्वा प्रशासिष्ये वसुन्धराम् ॥ 27॥ एवं स निश्चयं पापः कृत्वा दुर्योधनस्तदा । नित्यमेवान्तरप्रेक्षी भीमस्यासीन्महात्मनः ॥ 28॥ ततो जलविहारार्थं कारयामास भारत । चेलकम्बलवेश्मानि विचित्राणि महान्ति च ॥ 29॥ प्रमाणकोट्यामुद्देशं स्थलं किञ्चिदुपेत्य च । क्रीडावसाने सर्वे ते शुचिवस्त्राः स्वलङ्कृताः ॥ 30॥ सर्वकामसमृद्धं तदन्नं बुभुजिरे शनैः ॥ ॥ दिवसान्ते परिश्रान्ता विहृत्य च कुरूद्वहाः । विहारावसथेष्वेव वीरा वासमरोचयन् ॥ 31॥ खिन्नस्तु बलवान्भीमो व्यायामाभ्यधिकस्तदा । वाहयित्वा कुमारांस्ताञ्जलक्रीडागतान्विभुः ॥ 32॥ प्रमाणकोट्यां वासार्थी सुष्वापारुह्य तत्स्थलम् ॥ ॥ शीतं वासं समासाद्य श्रान्तो मदविमोहितः । निश्चेष्टः पाण्डवो राजन्सुष्वाप मृतकल्पवत् ॥ 33॥ ततो बद्ध्वा लतापाशैर्भीमं दुर्योधनः शनैः । गम्भीरं भीमवेगं च स्थलाज्जलमपातयत् ॥ 34॥ ततः प्रबुद्धः कौन्तेयः सर्वं सञ्छिद्य बन्धनम् । उदतिष्ठज्जलाद्भूयो भीमः प्रहरतां वरः ॥ 35॥ सुप्तं चापि पुनः सर्पैस्तीक्ष्णदंष्ट्रैर्महाविषैः । कुपितैर्दंशयामास सर्वेष्वेवाङ्गमर्मसु ॥ 36॥ दंष्ट्राश्च दंष्ट्रिणां तेषां मर्मस्वपि निपातिताः । त्वचं नैवास्य बिभिदुः सारत्वात्पृथुवक्षसः ॥ 37॥ प्रतिबुद्धस्तु भीमस्तान्सर्वान्सर्पानपोथयत् । सारथिं चास्य दयितमपहस्तेन जघ्निवान् ॥ 38॥ भोजने भीमसेनस्य पुनः प्राक्षेपयद्विषम् । कालकूटं नवं तीक्ष्णं सम्भृतं लोमहर्षणम् ॥ 39॥ वैश्यापुत्रस्तदाचष्ट पार्थानां हितकाम्यया । तच्चापि भुक्त्वाजरयदविकारो वृकोदरः ॥ 40॥ विकारं न ह्यजनयत्सुतीक्ष्णमपि तद्विषम् । भीमसंहननो भीमस्तदप्यजरयत्ततः ॥ 41॥ एवं दुर्योधनः कर्णः शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः । अनेकैरभ्युपायैस्ताञ्जिघांसन्ति स्म पाण्डवान् ॥ 42॥ पाण्डवाश्चापि तत्सर्वं प्रत्यजानन्नरिंदमाः । उद्भावनमकुर्वन्तो विदुरस्य मते स्थिताः ॥ 43॥ |
43 (1054) |
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Vaisampayana said, 'Then Bhishma and Kunti, along with their friends, held a remembrance ceremony for the late king and offered the Pinda. They hosted a feast for the Kauravas and thousands of Brahmins, giving them gems and land. Afterwards, the citizens returned to Hastinapura with the sons of Pandu, now cleansed from the sorrow of their father's passing. Everyone mourned the lost king, as if he were one of their own family. Once the Shraddha ceremony was completed, the wise Vyasa saw the people engulfed in grief and spoke to his mother Satyavati, saying, 'Mother, our joyful days are behind us, and troubled times are here. Sin grows each day. The world is aging. The Kauravas’ kingdom will not survive due to wrongdoing and tyranny. Go into the forest and dedicate yourself to meditation. Society will soon be filled with deceit. Goodness will fade away. Do not witness the destruction of your lineage in your old age.' Agreeing with Vyasa’s words, Satyavati entered her quarters and told her daughter-in-law, 'O Ambika, I have heard that because of your grandsons' actions, the Bharata dynasty and its people are doomed. If you allow, I will go to the forest with Kausalya, who mourns her son.' Saying this, the queen, with Bhishma's permission, went into the forest. There, with her two daughters-in-law, she deeply meditated, and in due time, she left her body and ascended to heaven.' Vaisampayana continued, 'Then the sons of King Pandu, having completed all the purification rituals from the Vedas, grew up in royal fashion in their father's home. Whenever they played with the sons of Dhritarashtra, their superior strength was evident. Bhimasena outperformed all the sons of Dhritarashtra in speed, aiming at targets, eating, and kicking up dust. The son of the Wind-god would pull them by their hair and make them fight each other, laughing the entire time. Vrikodara easily defeated the hundred and one energetic children as if they were only one. The second Pandava would grab them by their hair and drag them along the ground, resulting in broken knees, heads, and shoulders for some. At times, he would hold ten of them and push them underwater until they nearly drowned. When the sons of Dhritarashtra climbed trees to pick fruits, Bhima would shake the branches with his foot, causing the fruits and the fruit-pickers to fall together. Indeed, those princes could not compete with Bhima in boxing, speed, or skill. While he tormented them in playful ways to show off his strength, it was never out of malice.' " As Duryodhana, the strong eldest son of Dhritarashtra, witnessed Bhima's remarkable feats, he grew increasingly hostile. This wicked and ambitious Duryodhana, blinded by ignorance, plotted a sinful act against Bhima. He thought, 'No one matches Bhima, the second son of Pandu, in skill. I must devise a way to eliminate him. Alone, Bhima challenges a hundred of us to fight. So, while he sleeps in the garden, I will throw him into the Ganges. After that, I will imprison his elder brother Yudhishthira and younger brother Arjuna, ruling as the sole king without opposition.' With this determination, the devious Duryodhana constantly sought a chance to harm Bhima. Eventually, at a lovely spot called Pramanakoti by the Ganges, he built a palace for water games. The sons of Dhritarashtra and Pandu happily engaged in swimming and playing together. Once their fun was over, they changed into white garments and adorned themselves with various jewels. Tired from the activity, they decided to rest in the garden's pleasure house as evening fell. After leading the others in the water, Bhima, feeling exhausted, laid down on the ground. He was so worn out that he quickly fell unconscious. Duryodhana then bound Bhima with strong creeper-like ropes and cast him into the land and water. Upon waking, Bhima broke free from his bindings and rose from the water, the greatest of warriors. Although snakes had bitten his body everywhere except his chest, his tough skin resisted their fangs. Once conscious, the son of Kunti broke the chains and began to crush the snakes into the ground. Later on, Duryodhana killed Bhima's charioteer and secretly added a potent poison to Bhima's food. However, Yuyutsu, Dhritarashtra's son by a merchant woman, alerted the Pandavas out of loyalty. Bhima, undeterred, consumed the food and digested the poison completely. Despite its strength, the poison had no effect on him. When their deadly plan against Bhima failed, Duryodhana, Karna, and Shakuni continued to plot various schemes to kill the Pandavas. Even though the Pandavas were aware of their plots, following Vidura's counsel, they kept their anger in check. |
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वैशम्पायन उवाच। ततोऽधिजग्मुः सर्वे ते धनुर्वेदं महारथाः । धृतराष्ट्रात्मजाश्चैव पाण्डवाश्च महाबलाः ॥1 विशेषार्थी ततो भीष्मः पौत्राणां विनयेप्सया । इष्वस्त्रज्ञान्पर्यपृच्छदाचार्यान्वीर्यसंमतान् ॥ 2॥ नाल्पधीर्नामहाभागस्तथानानास्त्रकोविदः । नादेवसत्त्वो विनयेत्कुरूनस्त्रे महाबलान् ॥ 3॥ महर्षिस्तु भरद्वाजो हविर्धाने चरन्पुरा । ददर्शाप्सरसं साक्षाद्घृताचीमाप्लुतामृषिः ॥ 4॥ तस्या वायुः समुद्धूतो वसनं व्यपकर्षत । ततोऽस्य रेतश्चस्कन्द तदृषिर्द्रोण आदधे ॥ 5॥ तस्मिन्समभवद्द्रोणः कलशे तस्य धीमतः । अध्यगीष्ट स वेदांश्च वेदाङ्गानि च सर्वशः ॥ 6॥ अग्निवेश्यं महाभागं भरद्वाजः प्रतापवान् । प्रत्यपादयदाग्नेयमस्त्रं धर्मभृतां वरः ॥ 7॥ अग्निष्टुज्जातः स मुनिस्ततो भरतसत्तम । भारद्वाजं तदाग्नेयं महास्त्रं प्रत्यपादयत् ॥ 8॥ भरद्वाजसखा चासीत्पृषतो नाम पार्थिवः । तस्यापि द्रुपदो नाम तदा समभवत्सुतः ॥ 9॥ स नित्यमाश्रमं गत्वा द्रोणेन सह पार्षतः । चिक्रीडाध्ययनं चैव चकार क्षत्रियर्षभः ॥ 10॥ ततो व्यतीते पृषते स राजा द्रुपदोऽभवत् । पाञ्चालेषु महाबाहुरुत्तरेषु नरेश्वरः ॥ 11॥ भरद्वाजोऽपि भगवानारुरोह दिवं तदा । ततः पितृनियुक्तात्मा पुत्रलोभान्महायशाः ॥ 12॥ शारद्वतीं ततो द्रोणः कृपीं भार्यामविन्दत ॥ ॥ अग्निहोत्रे च धर्मे च दमे च सततं रता । अलभद्गौतमी पुत्रमश्वत्थामानमेव च ॥ 13॥ स जातमात्रो व्यनदद्यथैवोच्चैःश्रवा हयः । तच्छ्रुत्वान्तर्हितं भूतमन्तरिक्षस्थमब्रवीत् ॥ 14॥ अश्वस्येवास्य यत्स्थाम नदतः प्रदिशो गतम् । अश्वत्थामैव बालोऽयं तस्मान्नाम्ना भविष्यति ॥ 15॥ सुतेन तेन सुप्रीतो भारद्वाजस्ततोऽभवत् । तत्रैव च वसन्धीमान्धनुर्वेदपरोऽभवत् ॥ 16॥ स शुश्राव महात्मानं जामदग्न्यं परन्तपम् । ब्राह्मणेभ्यस्तदा राजन्दित्सन्तं वसु सर्वशः ॥ 17॥ वनं तु प्रस्थितं रामं भारद्वाजस्तदाब्रवीत् । आगतं वित्तकामं मां विद्धि द्रोणं द्विजर्षभम् ॥ 18॥ राम उवाच॥ हिरण्यं मम यच्चान्यद्वसु किञ्चन विद्यते । ब्राह्मणेभ्यो मया दत्तं सर्वमेव तपोधन ॥ 19॥ तथैवेयं धरा देवी सागरान्ता सपत्तना । कश्यपाय मया दत्ता कृत्स्ना नगरमालिनी ॥ 20॥ शरीरमात्रमेवाद्य मयेदमवशेषितम् । अस्त्राणि च महार्हाणि शस्त्राणि विविधानि च ॥ 21॥ वृणीष्व किं प्रयच्छामि तुभ्यं द्रोण वदाशु तत् ॥ ॥ द्रोण उवाच॥ अस्त्राणि मे समग्राणि ससंहाराणि भार्गव । सप्रयोगरहस्यानि दातुमर्हस्यशेषतः ॥ 22॥ वैशम्पायन उवाच॥ तथेत्युक्त्वा ततस्तस्मै प्रादादस्त्राणि भार्गवः । सरहस्यव्रतं चैव धनुर्वेदमशेषतः ॥ 23॥ प्रतिगृह्य तु तत्सर्वं कृतास्त्रो द्विजसत्तमः । प्रियं सखायं सुप्रीतो जगाम द्रुपदं प्रति ॥ 24॥ |
24 (1078) |
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The hundred sons of Dhritarashtra, and the Pandavas along with the Yadavas, and the Vrishnis, and many other princes from various lands, began to receive lessons from Kripa in that science. Desirous of giving his grandsons a superior education, Bhishma was on the look-out for a teacher endued with energy and well-skilled in the science of arms and he heard of Drona. At the source of the Ganges lived a wise sage named Bharadwaja, who devoted himself to strict vows. One day, planning to perform the Agnihotra sacrifice, he joined many great sages to the Ganges for ritual cleansing. Upon reaching the riverbank, he saw the beautiful Apsara, Ghritachi, who had arrived earlier. With a proud look and a graceful demeanour, she emerged from the water after her purification. As she walked along the bank, her loose garments became disarrayed, igniting a strong desire in the sage. In a moment of overwhelming emotion, he lost his vital essence, which he quickly collected in a special vessel called a drona. From this preserved essence, Drona was born. This child, raised by Bharadwaja, learned all the Vedas and their branches. Bharadwaja, a powerful warrior and expert in arms, had once taught the esteemed Agnivesa how to wield the mighty Agneya weapon. Now, Agnivesa, born of fire, imparted this great knowledge to Drona, the son of his teacher. At this time, there was a king named Prishata, a close friend of Bharadwaja. Soon, Prishata had a son, Drupada, who, as a young warrior, often visited Bharadwaja’s hermitage to play with Drona and learn together. When Prishata passed away, Drupada, strong and capable, became the king of the northern Panchalas. Not long after, the renowned Bharadwaja also ascended to heaven. Drona stayed in his father’s hermitage and dedicated himself to rigorous meditation. He became well-versed in the Vedas and cleansed himself of sins through his practices. Following his father’s guidance and desiring children, Drona married Kripi, the daughter of Saradwat. Engaged in righteous deeds and intense penances, she gave birth to a son named Aswatthaman. The moment Aswatthaman was born, he let out a neigh like the celestial horse Ucchaihsravas. Hearing this, an unseen being in the sky declared, 'This child's voice, like that of a horse, will earn him the name Aswatthaman (the horse-voiced).' Drona was filled with joy at the birth of his son. Remaining in the hermitage, he focused on mastering the art of warfare. Around this time, Drona learned that the illustrious Brahmana Jamadagnya, a great warrior and wise in all knowledge, wished to give away his wealth to Brahmanas. Inspired by Rama’s knowledge of arms and his divine weapons, Drona aspired to acquire them, along with the moral wisdom Rama possessed. Thus, Drona, endowed with great ascetic power, set out for the Mahendra mountains with his devoted disciples. Upon reaching Mahendra, the ascetic Bharadwaja's son encountered Bhrigu's son, a formidable warrior known for his patience and mastery over his mind. Approaching Drona, belonging to the noble Bhrigu lineage, Bharadwaja introduced himself, highlighting his birth from the Angiras line. Bowing low, he honored Rama’s feet. Observing Jamadagni's celebrated son ready to retreat into the forest after donating his riches, Drona boldly proclaimed, 'I am Bharadwaja’s son, born not of a woman! I am a high-born Brahmana named Drona, here to request your wealth.' Rama, a renowned warrior of the Brahmana caste, welcomed him and inquired about his desires. Drona expressed his yearning for Rama’s lasting wealth. Rama replied, 'O revered ascetic, I have given away my gold and all my possessions to Brahmanas! I have gifted this entire land, from coast to coast, adorned with towns, to Kasyapa. Now, I possess only my body and my valuable weapons. I am willing to give you either my body or my weapons. Which do you prefer? Speak quickly!' Drona replied, "O son of Bhrigu, you must give me all your weapons along with the secrets of throwing and retrieving them." The son of Bhrigu agreed, giving all his weapons to Drona—the complete knowledge of warfare and its techniques. Grateful for such a generous gift, the finest of the Brahmins set off joyfully toward the city of his friend Drupada. |
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