ādiparva - Chapter-20

 

आदिपर्व - ādiparva

अध्यायः – 20  ::Chapter-20 

Shlokas	No. of Shlokas
वैशम्पायन उवाच। पाण्डवान्धार्तराष्ट्रांश्च कृतास्त्रान्प्रसमीक्ष्य सः। गुर्वर्थं दक्षिणां काले प्राप्तेऽमन्यत वै गुरुः॥ 1 ततः शिष्यान्समाहूय आचार्योऽर्थमचोदयत्। द्रोणः सर्वानशेषेण दक्षिणार्थं महीपते॥ 2 पञ्चालराजं द्रुपदं गृहित्वा रणमूर्धनि। पर्यानयत भद्रं वः सा स्यात्परमदक्षिणा॥ 3 तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे रथैस्तूर्णं प्रहारिणः। आचार्यधनदानार्थं द्रोणेन सहिता ययुः॥ 4 ततोऽभिजग्मुः पञ्चालान्निघ्नन्तस्ते नरर्षभाः। ममृदुस्तस्य नगरं द्रुपदस्य महौजसः॥ 5 दुर्योधनश्च कर्णश्च युयुत्सुश्च महाबलः। दुःशासनो विकर्णश्च जलसन्धः सुलोचनः॥ 6 एते चान्ये च बहवः कुमारा बहुविक्रमाः। अहं पूर्वमहं पूर्वमित्येवं क्षत्रियर्षभाः॥ 7 द्रुपदः कौरवान्दृष्ट्वा प्राधावत समन्ततः। शरजालेन महता मोहयन्कौरवीं चमूम्॥8 व्यधमत्तान्यनीकानि तत्क्षणादेव भारत द्रवन्तिस्म नदन्तिस्म क्रोशन्तः पाण्डवान्प्रति।9 ततः किरीटी सहसा पञ्चालान्समरेऽद्रवत्। छादयन्निषुजालेन महता मोहयन्निव॥10 पाञ्चालस्य रथस्येषामाप्लुत्य सहसाऽपतत्। पाञ्चालरथमास्थाय अवित्रस्तो धनञ्जयः॥ 11 विक्षोभ्याम्भोनिधिंतार्क्ष्यस्तंनागमिव सोऽग्रहीत्। ततस्तु सर्वपाञ्चाला विद्रवन्ति दिशो दश॥12 ते यज्ञसेनं द्रुपदं गृहीत्वा रणमूर्धनि । उपाजह्रुः सहामात्यं द्रोणाय भरतर्षभाः ॥ 13॥ भग्नदर्पं हृतधनं तथा च वशमागतम् । स वैरं मनसा ध्यात्वा द्रोणो द्रुपदमब्रवीत् ॥ 14॥ प्रमृद्य तरसा राष्ट्रं पुरं ते मृदितं मया । प्राप्य जीवन्रिपुवशं सखिपूर्वं किमिष्यते ॥ 15॥ एवमुक्त्वा प्रहस्यैनं निश्चित्य पुनरब्रवीत् । मा भैः प्राणभयाद्राजन्क्षमिणो ब्राह्मणा वयम् ॥ 16॥ आश्रमे क्रीडितं यत्तु त्वया बाल्ये मया सह । तेन संवर्धितः स्नेहस्त्वया मे क्षत्रियर्षभ ॥ 17॥ प्रार्थयेयं त्वया सख्यं पुनरेव नरर्षभ । वरं ददामि ते राजन्राज्यस्यार्धमवाप्नुहि ॥ 18॥ अराजा किल नो राज्ञां सखा भवितुमर्हति । अतः प्रयतितं राज्ये यज्ञसेन मया तव ॥ 19॥ राजासि दक्षिणे कूले भागीरथ्याहमुत्तरे । सखायं मां विजानीहि पाञ्चाल यदि मन्यसे ॥ 20॥ द्रुपद उवाच॥ अनाश्चर्यमिदं ब्रह्मन्विक्रान्तेषु महात्मसु । प्रीये त्वयाहं त्वत्तश्च प्रीतिमिच्छामि शाश्वतीम् ॥ 21॥ वैशम्पायन उवाच॥ एवमुक्तस्तु तं द्रोणो मोक्षयामास भारत । सत्कृत्य चैनं प्रीतात्मा राज्यार्धं प्रत्यपादयत् ॥ 22॥ माकन्दीमथ गङ्गायास्तीरे जनपदायुताम् । सोऽध्यावसद्दीनमनाः काम्पिल्यं च पुरोत्तमम् ॥ 23॥ दक्षिणांश्चैव पाञ्चालान्यावच्चर्मण्वती नदी ॥ ॥ द्रोणेन वैरं द्रुपदः संस्मरन्न शशाम ह ।24 क्षात्रेण च बलेनास्य नापश्यत्स पराजयम् ॥ ॥ हीनं विदित्वा चात्मानं ब्राह्मणेन बलेन च ।25 पुत्रजन्म परीप्सन्वै स राजा तदधारयत् ॥ ॥ अहिच्छत्रं च विषयं द्रोणः समभिपद्यत ॥ 26॥ एवं राजन्नहिच्छत्रा पुरी जनपदायुता । युधि निर्जित्य पार्थेन द्रोणाय प्रतिपादिता ॥ 27॥	27 (1314)
Vaisampayana continued, Thereafter, Drona realized it was time to demand his payment for teaching. One day, gathering his students, Drona declared, 'Bring me Drupada, the king of Panchala, in battle. That will be my greatest reward.' The warriors, agreeing, quickly mounted their chariots and, with Drona, set off to fulfill his request. These champions, battling the Panchalas along their way, laid siege to Drupada's grand capital. Duryodhana, Karna, the formidable Yuyutsu, Duhsasana, Vikarna, Jalasandha, Sulochana, and many other esteemed warrior princes competed to lead the charge.  However, Drupada, hard to defeat, approached the Kauravas in his white chariot, unleashing a storm of fierce arrows. O Bharata, faced with the terrifying battle, the Kauravas broke ranks and fled, crying out towards the Pandavas. Hearing their cries, the son of Indra was filled with fury and, with a torrent of arrows, surged toward the enemy with renewed strength. Casting aside his bow, Arjuna grabbed his quiver, picked up a sword, and with a fierce shout, leapt from his chariot onto that of his enemy. Fearlessly, he seized Drupada, just as Garuda captures a massive snake after stirring the seas.' And, O noble warrior of the Bharata lineage, the princes, having captured Drupada along with his allies on the battlefield, brought him before Drona. Seeing Drupada utterly defeated and stripped of wealth, Drona remembered their past enmity and said, 'Your kingdom and capital are in ruins because of me. But do not fear for your life, even though it now lies in the hands of your enemy. Do you wish to rekindle our friendship?' He smiled briefly and continued, 'Do not fear, brave king! We Brahmins are known for our forgiveness. O great Kshatriya, my affection for you has deepened since we played together as children in the hermitage. Thus, I seek your friendship once more. Without you asking, I grant you half of your kingdom back. You once told me that only a king can be a friend to a king. Therefore, I will retain half your territory. You shall rule the lands south of the Bhagirathi River, and I shall govern the lands to the north. O Panchala, consider me your friend from now on.'  Upon hearing these words, Drupada replied, 'You have a noble spirit and incredible strength. Therefore, O Brahmana, I am not surprised by your actions. I hold you in high regard and wish for your everlasting friendship.' 'Vaisampayana went on, 'After this, O Bharata, Drona freed the king of Panchala and, with warm gestures of respect, granted him half of the kingdom. From that moment, Drupada lived sadly in Kampilya, within the Makandi region by the banks of the Ganga, which was filled with many towns and cities. After his defeat by Drona, Drupada also governed the southern Panchalas, extending to the banks of the Charmanwati river.  From that day, Drupada realized he could not defeat Drona through Kshatriya strength alone, as he fell short in spiritual power. Thus, he began to roam the earth in search of a means to secure a son capable of overcoming his Brahmana rival. 'Meanwhile, Drona continued to live in Ahicchatra. Thus, O king, the land of Ahicchatra, rich in towns and cities, was won by Arjuna and given to Drona.'
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥ प्राणाधिकं भीमसेनं कृतविद्यं धनञ्जयम् । दुर्योधनो लक्षयित्व पर्यतप्यत दुर्मतिः ॥ 1॥ ततो वैकर्तनः कर्णः शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः । अनेकैरभ्युपायैस्ताञ्जिघांसन्ति स्म पाण्डवान् ॥ 2॥ पाण्डवाश्चापि तत्सर्वं प्रत्यजानन्नरिंदमाः । उद्भावनमकुर्वन्तो विदुरस्य मते स्थिताः ॥ 3॥ गुणैः समुदितान्दृष्ट्वा पौराः पाण्डुसुतांस्तदा । कथयन्ति स्म सम्भूय चत्वरेषु सभासु च ॥ 4॥ प्रज्ञाचक्षुरचक्षुष्ट्वाद्धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वरः । राज्यमप्राप्तवान्पूर्वं स कथं नृपतिर्भवेत् ॥ 5॥ तथा भीष्मः शान्तनवः सत्यसन्धो महाव्रतः । प्रत्याख्याय पुरा राज्यं नाद्य जातु ग्रहीष्यति ॥ 6॥ ते वयं पाण्डवं ज्येष्ठं तरुणं वृद्धशीलिनम् । अभिषिञ्चाम साध्वद्य सत्यं करुणवेदिनम् ॥ 7॥ स हि भीष्मं शान्तनवं धृतराष्ट्रं च धर्मवित् । सपुत्रं विविधैर्भोगैर्योजयिष्यति पूजयन् ॥ 8॥ तेषां दुर्योधनः श्रुत्वा तानि वाक्यानि भाषताम् । युधिष्ठिरानुरक्तानां पर्यतप्यत दुर्मतिः ॥ 9॥ स तप्यमानो दुष्टात्मा तेषां वाचो न चक्षमे । ईर्ष्यया चाभिसन्तप्तो धृतराष्ट्रमुपागमत् ॥ 10॥ ततो विरहितं दृष्ट्वा पितरं प्रतिपूज्य सः । पौरानुरागसन्तप्तः पश्चादिदमभाषत ॥ 11॥ श्रुता मे जल्पतां तात पौराणामशिवा गिरः । त्वामनादृत्य भीष्मं च पतिमिच्छन्ति पाण्डवम् ॥ 12॥ मतमेतच्च भीष्मस्य न स राज्यं बुभूषति । अस्माकं तु परां पीडां चिकीर्षन्ति पुरे जनाः ॥ 13॥ पितृतः प्राप्तवान्राज्यं पाण्डुरात्मगुणैः पुरा । त्वमप्यगुणसंयोगात्प्राप्तं राज्यं न लब्धवान् ॥ 14॥ स एष पाण्डोर्दायाद्यं यदि प्राप्नोति पाण्डवः । तस्य पुत्रो ध्रुवं प्राप्तस्तस्य तस्येति चापरः ॥ 15॥ ते वयं राजवंशेन हीनाः सह सुतैरपि । अवज्ञाता भविष्यामो लोकस्य जगतीपते ॥ 16॥ सततं निरयं प्राप्ताः परपिण्डोपजीविनः । न भवेम यथा राजंस्तथा शीघ्रं विधीयताम् ॥ 17॥ अभविष्यः स्थिरो राज्ये यदि हि त्वं पुरा नृप । ध्रुवं प्राप्स्याम च वयं राज्यमप्यवशे जने ॥ 18॥	18 (1332)
Vaisampayana continued “The wicked Duryodhana, beholding Bhimasena surpass (everybody) in strength and Arjuna highly accomplished in arms became pensive and sad. Then Karna, the offspring of the Sun, and Sakuni, the son of Suvala, endeavoured by various means to compass the death of the Pandavas. The Pandavas too counteracted all those contrivances one after another, and in obedience to the counsels of Vidura, never spoke of them afterwards. Then the citizens, beholding the son of Pandu possessed of accomplishments, began, O Bharata, to speak of them in all places of public resort. And assembled in courtyards and other places of gathering, they talked of the eldest son of Pandu (Yudhishthira) as possessed of the qualifications for ruling the kingdom.  And they said, 'Dhritarashtra, though possessed of the eye of knowledge, having been (born) blind, had not obtained the kingdom before. How can he (therefore) become king now? Then Bhishma, the son of Santanu, of rigid vows and devoted to truth, having formerly relinquished the sovereignty would never accept it now. We shall, therefore, now install (on the throne) with proper ceremonies the eldest of the Pandavas endued with youth, accomplished in battle, versed in the Vedas, and truthful and kind. Worshipping Bhishma, the son of Santanu and Dhritarashtra conversant with the rules of morality, he will certainly maintain the former and the latter with his children in every kind of enjoyment.  "The wretched Duryodhana, hearing these words of the parting partisans of Yudhishthira, became very much distressed. Deeply afflicted, the wicked prince could not put up with those speeches. Inflamed with jealousy, he went unto Dhritarashtra, and finding him alone he saluted him with reverence and distressed at (the sight of) the partiality of the citizens for Yudhishthira, he addressed the monarch and said, 'O father, I have heard the parting citizens utter words of ill omen. Passing thee by, and Bhishma too, they desire the son of Pandu to be their king. Bhishma will sanction this, for he will not rule the kingdom. It seems, therefore, that the citizens are endeavouring to inflict a great injury on us. Pandu obtained of old the ancestral kingdom by virtue of his own accomplishments, but thou, from blindness, didst not obtain the kingdom, though fully qualified to have it. If Pandu's son now obtaineth the kingdom as his inheritance from Pandu, his son will obtain it after him and that son's son also, and so on will it descend in Pandu's line. In that case, O king of the world, ourselves with our children, excluded from the royal line, shall certainly be disregarded by all men. Therefore, O monarch, adopt such counsels that we may not suffer perpetual distress, becoming dependent on others for our food. O king, if thou hadst obtained the sovereignty before, we would certainly have succeeded to it, however much the people might be unfavourable to us.'
वैशम्पायन उवाच॥ धृतराष्ट्रस्तु पुत्रस्य श्रुत्वा वचनमीदृशम् । मुहूर्तमिव सञ्चिन्त्य दुर्योधनमथाब्रवीत् ॥ 1॥ धर्मनित्यः सदा पाण्डुर्ममासीत्प्रियकृद्धितः । सर्वेषु ज्ञातिषु तथा मयि त्वासीद्विशेषतः ॥ 2॥ नास्य किञ्चिन्न जानामि भोजनादि चिकीर्षितम् । निवेदयति नित्यं हि मम राज्यं धृतव्रतः ॥ 3॥ तस्य पुत्रो यथा पाण्डुस्तथा धर्मपरायणः । गुणवाँल्लोकविख्यातः पौराणां च सुसंमतः ॥ 4॥ स कथं शक्यमस्माभिरपक्रष्टुं बलादितः । पितृपैतामहाद्राज्यात्ससहायो विशेषतः ॥ 5॥ भृता हि पाण्डुनामात्या बलं च सततं भृतम् । भृताः पुत्राश्च पौत्राश्च तेषामपि विशेषतः ॥ 6॥ ते पुरा सत्कृतास्तात पाण्डुना पौरवा जनाः । कथं युधिष्ठिरस्यार्थे न नो हन्युः सबान्धवान् ॥ 7॥ दुर्योधन उवाच॥ एवमेतन्मया तात भावितं दोषमात्मनि । दृष्ट्वा प्रकृतयः सर्वा अर्थमानेन योजिताः ॥ 8॥ ध्रुवमस्मत्सहायास्ते भविष्यन्ति प्रधानतः । अर्थवर्गः सहामात्यो मत्संस्थोऽद्य महीपते ॥ 9॥ स भवान्पाण्डवानाशु विवासयितुमर्हति । मृदुनैवाभ्युपायेन नगरं वारणावतम् ॥ 10॥ यदा प्रतिष्ठितं राज्यं मयि राजन्भविष्यति । तदा कुन्ती सहापत्या पुनरेष्यति भारत ॥ 11॥ धृतराष्ट्र उवाच॥ दुर्योधन ममाप्येतद्धृदि सम्परिवर्तते । अभिप्रायस्य पापत्वान्नैतत्तु विवृणोम्यहम् ॥ 12॥ न च भीष्मो न च द्रोणो न क्षत्ता न च गौतमः । विवास्यमानान्कौन्तेयाननुमंस्यन्ति कर्हिचित् ॥ 13॥ समा हि कौरवेयाणां वयमेते च पुत्रक । नैते विषममिच्छेयुर्धर्मयुक्ता मनस्विनः ॥ 14॥ ते वयं कौरवेयाणामेतेषां च महात्मनाम् । कथं न वध्यतां तात गच्छेम जगतस्तथा ॥ 15॥ दुर्योधन उवाच॥ मध्यस्थः सततं भीष्मो द्रोणपुत्रो मयि स्थितः । यतः पुत्रस्ततो द्रोणो भविता नात्र सांशयः ॥ 16॥ कृपः शारद्वतश्चैव यत एते त्रयस्ततः । द्रोणं च भागिनेयं च न स त्यक्ष्यति कर्हिचित् ॥ 17॥ क्षत्तार्थबद्धस्त्वस्माकं प्रच्छन्नं तु यतः परे । न चैकः स समर्थोऽस्मान्पाण्डवार्थे प्रबाधितुम् ॥ 18॥ स विश्रब्धः पाण्डुपुत्रान्सह मात्रा विवासय । वारणावतमद्यैव नात्र दोषो भविष्यति ॥ 19॥ विनिद्रकरणं घोरं हृदि शल्यमिवार्पितम् । शोकपावकमुद्भूतं कर्मणैतेन नाशय ॥ 20॥	20 (1352)
Hearing his son's words, Dhritarashtra paused to think and replied to Duryodhana, saying, 'Pandu, who was always loyal to righteousness, treated all his relatives with duty, especially me. He paid little attention to worldly pleasures and selflessly offered everything to me, even his kingdom. His son is equally devoted to virtue and possesses every skill. Renowned throughout the world, he enjoys the people's favour. He has allies; how can we forcibly drive him from his ancestral land? The counsellors, soldiers, and their families have all been nurtured and supported by Pandu. Given what he has done for them, will the citizens not rise against us with their friends and family because of Yudhishthira?'  Duryodhana responded, 'What you say is true, Father. However, considering the threat to you in the future, if we win the people over with wealth and honors, they will surely support us as evidence of our strength. The treasury and ministers are currently under our control. Therefore, it’s necessary to gently send the Pandavas to Varanavata. Once I hold the power, then Kunti and her children can return from there.'  Dhritarashtra responded, 'This, dear Duryodhana, is precisely what I have been thinking. However, out of guilt, I have kept it to myself. Neither Bhishma, Drona, Kshattri, nor Kripa will ever agree to exile the Pandavas. In their eyes, O beloved son, we Kurus and the Pandavas are equals. These wise and virtuous figures will see no distinction between us. If we act this way towards the Pandavas, won’t we, O son, deserve death at the hands of the Kurus, these noble men, and the entire world?'  Duryodhana replied, 'Bhishma has no particular loyalty to either side and will remain neutral in any conflict. Drona’s son, Aswatthama, is with me. There’s no doubt that wherever he stands, his father will follow. Kripa must also side with Drona and Aswatthama; he will never abandon them. Kshattri, although secretly aligned with the enemy, depends on us for his livelihood. If he sides with the Pandavas, he alone cannot harm us. So, exile the Pandavas to Varanavata without hesitation. Take the necessary steps to ensure they leave today. By doing this, O father, relieve the agony that burns within me, taking my sleep and piercing my heart like a cruel arrow.'"

  

 इति श्री जयसंहिते आदिपर्वणि विंशोऽध्यायः॥

 

Ādiparva Chapter-19

Ādiparva Chapter-21